Role of social work in disaster management
Disaster
defines, it is a phenomenon, that can cause destroy the social, economic,
cultural life, damage to life, and property of people. Disaster is 2 kinds such
as “Natural, Man-made, sudden or accidental”
calamities these give a hazardous result which can create to the various situation; physical damage or
destruction, loss of life, and drastic change to
the environment.
Natural
disaster: it is a major effect of a natural hazard that affects to environment
and human resources also leads to financial losses. Such as;
·
Floods
Floods are a natural
disaster it comes during monsoon season. Results from water within a body of
water, river or lakes, It overflows and breaks bridges. It caused by inadequate
drainage.
·
Tsunami
It happens in the
oceans, it leads to the volcanic eruption, earthquakes, and on the seafloors. It can
travel over 300kmph. It comes up to 32 ft.
· Hurricanes
It rotates circulate
counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. It can only occur over the Atlantic
ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico. The storms with winds come over 74
kmph.
·
Tornado
We can found this
disaster all over the world. It is most common in the US.
· Volcanic Eruption
volcanos are the lava
due to fall down of rocks, it filled in
mountains, once the lava reaches the surface within a fraction it destroys to
world.
· Cyclones
A cyclone is an area of
closed, circular fluid motion. It has low pressure in an inside and high
pressure on the outside. It turns into clockwise in NEWS sides of the hemisphere
·
Earthquakes
Earthquakes usually
occur on fault lines or areas where tectonic plates meet. It caused by the
release of built of pressure.
·
Landslides
Landslides are the
movement of land down a slope by gravity. It happens in rain, floods, and
earthquakes, etc. Not only cause through natural disasters but also through man-made disasters as slope grading or mining.
·
Blizzards
It is a kind of snowstorm
made by heavy winds. Blowing or drifting snow which reduces visibility to 400
meters or 1/4th mile or less
and it most lasts for a prolonged period of time like three hours or more. Which
causes death due to this. Ground blizzards require high winds to stir up
already fallen snow.
·
Thunderstorms
Every thunderstorm
produces lightning. There are mostly
wet and dry sometimes the weather may rain or not rain. Due to warm humidity,
cause thunderstorms.
·
Droughts
Droughts are an extended
period of months or years when in a region receives a low average of water
whether the surface or underground water. It impacts to agricultural,
environmental, health, economic, and social consequences.
·
Forest Fire
A forest fire or wildlife
is an uncontrolled disaster, other names such as brush fire, desert fire, hill
fire, grass fire, etc.
Impacts of Natural
disaster
A.
Individual
Impact- It leads to physically, economically, mentally which destroys poverty, loss of financial resources and also personal ills. Laterwards, it
develops to severe post-traumatic
disorders which result in a state of
depression. Because of these significant
people used to migrate from one place to another place.
B.
Community
Impact- It shows loss of economic
resources, demographic, population, and cultural shifts are the main impact in the community,. People lose many opportunities in the disaster, and also they try
to rebuild better and stronger communities than before.
C.
Economic
Impact- Due to this, they face the loss of infrastructure where revenue tax reduce
through the expense of reclamation efforts.
D.
Environment
Impact- In this kind of disaster environmental impact plays a crucial role. Due
to this global climate change takes place because of damaging the ecosystem in
sea level, forest level, and many more. It leads to loss of coral reefs,
reduction of edible fish supply, etc.
Role of Social Worker Preparedness
during a Disaster
Disasters are something that can
be stopped or prevented, it can do after and before disasters. The main aim is
to reduce the amount of trauma caused by the above-mentioned disasters. There
many ways to help and distribute reliefs to suffered people. Many NGOs and GOs
related projects also taking the initiative to bring them from hazardous situations to
normal. Another hand, as we saw different countries or states donates something
that required in daily life. The disaster management team plays a vital role in
rebuilding their lost status through charity works and including many more campaign. As we found, in every state, districts, and also village the Disaster
Management team did Disaster
preparedness building were, affected areas
of people they can move to top shelter
immediately. It not only constructed in villages but also, in coastal areas
too.
Social Workers or the
voluntary workers come forward to help them in various ways. Where people could
get back to their social, economical, culture status through helping in many
ways like; distributing food, clothes, sanitary napkins, hospital kits, transport facility, telephone
line with STD facility provides book, bags, and other stationary things which
very essential and emergency for them etc.
A Social
Worker’s Role is to-
v To prevent and reduce mass causality
among the population
v Arrange disposal of dead bodies
v Arrange community awareness to
reduce hazards
v To empower the community developers to participate in developing emergency
management
v To facilitate first aid, triage and
field care
v To rehabilitate them in the preparedness
shelter
v To reach and arrange for them the
most essential needs
v To make understand them about
government policies and guideline procedures
v To mobilize and arrange funds for
them
Provide such disaster
preparedness programs like Public information, education system, and training
, public health interventions, etc.
These provisions and knowledge should be reached to each and every person. So that affected people and affected areas could get
relief from many disaster issues. Again they get new life to live, earn and
enjoy their livelihood. So that various Disaster Management team and voluntary workers role is very important
in this field to bring social, economic, and cultural status into normal phase
and give smile on their face to restart the motion of work.
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