25 MCQ on Indian Judicial System

1. The highest court of appeal in India is: a) Supreme Court of India b) High Court c) District Court d) Constitutional Court Answer: a) Supreme Court of India

2. The President of India appoints judges of the Supreme Court based on the recommendation of: a) The Chief Justice of India and a collegium of senior judges b) The Prime Minister c) The Attorney General of India d) The Law Minister Answer: a) The Chief Justice of India and a collegium of senior judges

3. The first woman Chief Justice of India is: a) Justice M. Fathima Beevi b) Justice Leila Seth c) Justice Ruma Pal d) Justice Indu Malhotra Answer: a) Justice M. Fathima Beevi

4. The Indian Judicial System is based on which type of legal system? a) Common Law system b) Civil Law system c) Socialist Law system d) Sharia Law system Answer: a) Common Law system

5. The concept of Judicial Review in India allows the judiciary to: a) Review and evaluate the constitutionality of laws and executive actions b) Appoint judges to the Supreme Court c) Control the functioning of the Legislature d) Control the functioning of the President Answer: a) Review and evaluate the constitutionality of laws and executive actions

6. The writ of "Habeas Corpus" is a legal order that ensures: a) Protection of an individual's personal liberty and freedom b) A fair trial in criminal cases c) An individual's right to property d) Right to education Answer: a) Protection of an individual's personal liberty and freedom

7. The Indian Judicial System is headed by: a) The Chief Justice of India b) The Prime Minister c) The President of India d) The Attorney General of India Answer: a) The Chief Justice of India

8. A person accused of a crime in India is presumed to be: a) Innocent until proven guilty b) Guilty until proven innocent c) Subject to immediate imprisonment d) Exempt from a fair trial Answer: a) Innocent until proven guilty

9. The term "amicus curiae" refers to: a) A friend of the court, often an expert, who provides advice or information on a specific legal issue b) The presiding judge in a court case c) A senior advocate appointed by the government d) The Chief Justice of a High Court Answer: a) A friend of the court, often an expert, who provides advice or information on a specific legal issue

10. The Indian Judicial System is a combination of: a) Federal and Unitary systems b) Federal and Parliamentary systems c) Unitary and Parliamentary systems d) Federal and Presidential systems Answer: b) Federal and Parliamentary systems

11. The retirement age for judges of the Supreme Court of India is: a) 65 years b) 62 years c) 70 years d) 60 years Answer: c) 70 years

12. The judiciary in India is independent and is subject only to the: a) Constitution of India b) Prime Minister c) President of India d) Parliament Answer: a) Constitution of India

13. The "Law Commission of India" is a: a) Statutory body that reviews and recommends changes in laws b) Constitutional body that interprets the Constitution c) Executive body that enforces laws d) Judicial body that settles legal disputes Answer: a) Statutory body that reviews and recommends changes in laws

14. The Indian judicial system follows the principle of "stare decisis," which means: a) The principle of following precedents and decisions of higher courts b) The principle of speedy justice c) The principle of public interest d) The principle of natural justice Answer: a) The principle of following precedents and decisions of higher courts

15. The concept of "Public Interest Litigation (PIL)" in India allows: a) Any citizen to initiate legal action for public interest matters b) Only lawyers to initiate legal action c) The government to initiate legal action against citizens d) Corporations to initiate legal action for their interests Answer: a) Any citizen to initiate legal action for public interest matters

16. The Indian Judicial System is based on which fundamental principle? a) Rule of law b) Rule by the majority c) Rule by the elite d) Rule by the military Answer: a) Rule of law

17. The system of courts in India is organized into a hierarchy, with the Supreme Court at the top. How many High Courts are there in India? a) 25 b) 29 c) 31 d) 34 Answer: b) 29

18. The right to constitutional remedies is a fundamental right provided under which article of the Indian Constitution? a) Article 32 b) Article 21 c) Article 19 d) Article 14 Answer: a) Article 32

19. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the: a) President of India b) Chief Justice of India c) Governor of the respective state d) Prime Minister of India Answer: a) President of India

20. The Indian Judicial System is based on the adversarial system. What does this mean? a) The legal process involves two opposing parties presenting their case to an impartial judge or jury b) The legal process is based on an inquisitorial approach where the judge plays an active role in investigating and presenting evidence c) The legal process involves a single party presenting its case to the judge d) The legal process is determined by the government without any party involvement Answer: a) The legal process involves two opposing parties presenting their case to an impartial judge or jury

21. The term "Judicial Activism" refers to: a) Judges playing an active role in interpreting the law and shaping public policy b) Judges adhering strictly to existing laws without interpreting them c) Judges being inactive and unresponsive to legal issues d) Judges being influenced by political parties Answer: a) Judges playing an active role in interpreting the law and shaping public policy

22. Who has the power to remove a judge of the Supreme Court of India? a) President of India b) Parliament of India c) Chief Justice of India d) Only the concerned judge Answer: b) Parliament of India

23. The District Courts in India are presided over by: a) District Judges b) Sessions Judges c) Magistrates d) High Court Judges Answer: a) District Judges

24. Which of the following statements is true regarding Contempt of Court in India? a) Contempt of court can be both civil and criminal b) Contempt of court can only be civil c) Contempt of court can only be criminal d) Contempt of court is not recognized in the Indian legal system Answer: a) Contempt of court can be both civil and criminal

25. The doctrine of "Separation of Powers" in India ensures a clear division of powers among: a) Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary b) President, Prime Minister, and Cabinet c) Supreme Court, High Court, and District Court d) Civil servants, Ministers, and Governors Answer: a) Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary