Secondary Methods of Social Work

Social work is a professional service based on scientific methods and skills. Generally, methods are to imply some systematic plan which helps to bring some changes in society. In order to know about a person or group of people’s situation, social worker should follow 4 Ps like: Person, Problem, Place, Process. Where a person comes with a problem to a place, a social worker will apply certain process to solve the psycho-social problems of that person. Putting theory into action plays a vital role. It is necessary before a social worker visit to any field he/she should have some knowledge to act with its people and with professional skills, inherent qualities and through different tools methods, techniques, and skills he/she helps to bring changes in them. Social work as a profession first began to take such responsibility for the people through social activities and works in the direction of alms, charity, philanthropy, poor relief and social reform. It helps to establish positive relationships between client and social worker.

Objectives of Social Work Methods

      To prevent suffering

      To remove social evils and injustice

      To rehabilitate poor and weaker sections

      To create awareness programs

      To eradicate social issues

Social work defines direct and indirect methods which consciously relevant to society. I want to explain here about Indirect Methods such as:-

·         Social Welfare administration

·         Social Research Methods

·         Social Action

              Methods are very essential, working in fields of social work to solve their own problems. These secondary methods involved to bring social change at grass-root levels. These are the methods which intend to support primary methods at where a social worker deals with client indirectly.

Social Welfare Administration

It has twin concepts Social welfare and Administration. Social welfare denotes, a method which is for the all round development of the society and administration means to serve or looking after the people. It is to provide effective social work services to the needy. In present days many social issues like, poverty, ill-health, violence, disability, destitute etc. existing in every corner of society. Social Welfare Administration is a governmental and non-governmental term where social evil vanishes by the various schemes, policy-plans and programme etc. It brings welfares of every individual to attain satisfying or quality standard of health and life.

Let us discuss the scope of Social Welfare Administration which includes Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting. POSDCoRB, it is an integral part of Social Welfare Administration, a method to manage and execute  these 7 letters in the workplace to grow social, political, economical status both in GOs and NGOs.

·         Planning: A group planning must be needed before the beginning of plan, policy or program. A  single person cannot take any decision. Rather group discussion should take place to form a plan.  It is a process of thinking about the maintenance and creation of plan. In order to achieve the desired goals proper planning is needed.

·    Organizing: Team, Tasks and Projects these 3 components, establish to form an organized structure. It is an act of rearrangement elements of the following one by one.

·        Staffing: presence and activation of staff creates well setup, bring an effective idea with quality and quantity of positive impacts, grow public status, and conspiracy etc.

·         Directing: It is a key managerial function, performed by the manager with proper planning, controlling, organizing. It means giving instructions, guiding, leading, counseling, and motivating staff to achieve organizational goals.

·         Coordination: group coordination is a mandate for reaching to the objective goal. Without coordination all structures. It is most important, the process of getting a harmonious relationship with staffs. Thus, we have to work in coordination with all the agencies to solve the social maladjustment of the society. Sometimes coordination avoids duplication and overlapping of work. It can be work in 2 levels one is with agencies another is with departments.

·         Reporting: In every meeting, record maintaining is require to review the previous discussion. The welfare administration is responsible maintain all kinds of records. These records and reports help in the evaluation and monitoring the work of the agency.

·         Budgeting: it is a financial administration of social welfare agency. Different plans for budgets are recommended by all the departments. Every department head decided in what purpose the amount will be distributed to each sector.

                       POSDCoRB these activities are commonly related to both small scale and large scale. Above mentioned activities are very essential while working with the people, sectors, departments etc. Through these, it helps the management, evaluation, and feedback tool to inculcate about major things that have occurred. Henceforth, it plays vital role while forming group activity.

 

Social work Research:-  

It signifies; search again and again until you get perfect data on a particular topic. It is a systematic method to do survey or exploring new facts, test old hypothesis and variables. In order to acquire knowledge social worker must do investigation on a particular topic. There are 2 types of research methodology qualitative and quantitative research which helps to design for the purpose of appraising research for evidence-based practice in method process.

 

 

Social Action:-

 Social Action, the master of the secondary method which aims to change social illness. Social action is meant to the mass betterment through propaganda and legislation. It plays a crucial role in the society to bring social changes through mass media. Also covers social, religious, political movements and reforms etc. Through social reform movement, social legislation, human rights, freedom and liberty. Creating awareness, resource mobilization to raise their voices on undesirable practices. So for that social worker’s role is to conduct awareness programs, organize rally, Dharana etc to eradicate social illness from society.

Conclusion

Henceforth, Secondary methods of social work help to work with different agencies and as well as in governments. After Primary methods, secondary methods take place. Social work is a practice orientation study.

Fieldwork gives social worker curriculum practice. Social Worker will work with such a developmental organization that is dedicatedly working for the holistic development of both rural and urban people & this experience will provide energy to go ahead and succeed in developmental work to dedicatedly work for the people living in such vulnerable section. It is influenced by the idea of learning by doing, In the light of theoretical knowledge, through field experience. Through fieldwork, new ideas are generated. Fieldwork helps students to understand the dynamism of social work practice.

The methods which I described above are practice-based approach. A good social worker always wanted to implement these methods for the betterment of society. He/she always uses his/her power to design good social welfares schemes and promotes to implement that.