Models of Social Case Work
Models of Social Case Work
Models of Social Case Work are frameworks that guide social workers in their interactions with clients. They provide a way of understanding the client's problems and developing interventions to address them. Some of the most common models of social casework include the psychodynamic model, the behavioral model, the psychosocial model, and the general systems model.
The psychodynamic model focuses on the unconscious mind and how it affects behavior. The behavioral model focuses on observable behavior and how it can be changed. The psychosocial model combines the psychodynamic and behavioral models. The general systems model views the individual as part of a larger system, such as their family or community.
What is social work?
Social work is a theoretical practice based on scientific knowledge and humanitarianism to solve psycho-social problems using both internal and external factors. It is a professional service that provides knowledge, skills, methods, and techniques in the fields of social sciences, which occupies an important role.
Models of social casework
Models describe how social workers implement theories in the field.
(1) Psycho-analytical model
The psychoanalytical model was developed by Sigmund Freud. A social worker needs an understanding of the 229 personality. The contribution of a psychoanalytical model is an understanding of the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious, the id, ego, and superego. It helps the social worker understand the psychological motives of the client, including affects, anxieties, coping capacities, defenses, and conscious and unconscious forces of the personality.
(2) Psycho-social therapy
The psycho-social approach of Florence Rollis emphasizes that it is necessary to understand the inner 230 realities of the human being and the social context in which he or she lives. It focuses not only on the situational component of the client's stress but also on his personality, including his previous experiences and ego functioning.
(3) A problem-solving model
The hospital is viewed as a problem-solving organization. Illness is a real problem. The problem-solving phase, in casework, focuses on the identification of the problem to be worked on, breaking it down into manageable parts, and establishing or limiting goals. The emphasis is on the present problem. The problem-solving phase also emphasizes the partialization of problems. By partializing the problem,the social worker can help the clients gain confidence in solving their problems.
(4) Crisis intervention
Crisis intervention as a model in casework is an effective approach with reference to some situations. Crisis intervention helps the social worker examine the effect of stress and anxiety on individuals to assess their coping mechanisms and problem-solving abilities and help them mobilize their own resources and find solutions. It also emphasizes that during crises, people are more receptive to help and 'adaptable to change, and hence, quick and effective responses on the part of the caseworker can have a lasting effect on the individuals. Illness creates a crisis.
(5) Behavior Modification Model:
Behavior modification focuses exclusively on the client's actions, utilizing such behavioral techniques as positive and negative reinforcement, and is now helping many social workers understand the behavioral pattern of the clients. It also helps to learn new adaptive ones by utilizing the behavioral modification approach.
(6) Use of a sociological model:
It is said that in developing countries, sociological theories are useful in the analysis of society, which facilitates social work intervention. Respondents were asked about the use of the theories of rational-emotional therapy.
7) Eclectic model:
Rational Emotive Therapy emphasizes that everything people do includes important learning elements. Everyone has strong innate or biological tendencies, yet one can learn through helpful teaching and one’s own self-practice.
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