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State Level Rural Development Programme

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In the previous post we learned about National Rural Development Programmes The objectives of this post is to be familiar with the various state-level rural development programs, to comprehend the objectives and significance of these development initiatives and to gain insight into the difficulties with its implementation. 

Content

  1. Introduction
  2. Zero Interest Crop Loan Scheme in Assam for 1 Lakh Farmers in Assam
  3. Chief Minister Samagra Gramin Unnayan yojana in Assam
  4. Atal Amrit Abhiyan- Health Insurance Scheme in Assam
  5. Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana in Orissa
  6. Community Health Care Management Initiative in West Bengal
  7. Madhubabu Aain Sahayata Yojana in Orissa
  8. Kalingha Shiksha Sathi Yojana in Orissa 
  9. Suchita Scheme in Chattisgarh
  10. Udyami Sakhi Mandal Yojana in Jharkhand 
  11. Sardar Patel Awash Yojana in Gujarat
  12. Panchavati Yojana in Gujarat
  13. Tirth Gram Yojana in Gujarat
  14. Swatchcha Gram Swastha Gram Yojana in Gujarat 
  15. Rural Building Maintenance and Renovation Scheme in Tamilnadu
  16. Self Sufficiency Scheme in Tamilnadu
  17. Annapurna Bhandar Yojana in Rajasthan
  18. Mukhya Mantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan in Rajasthan
  19. Summary

Introduction

Rural development is a constant and complex process that aims to improve the standard of living for rural residents while also developing rural areas as a whole. Rural development seeks to offer the rural community sustainable solutions so that the best possible use of the rural resources is possible. It does not just entail the establishment of rural industries in rural regions. Rural development is based on the tenets of self-reliance, competence, resourcefulness, and ability for problem-solving. Numerous policies and programs have been launched in India by various state governments using a variety of techniques in the area of rural development to ensure self-sufficiency.

The following is a discussion of some of the initiatives carried out by various state governments:

Zero Interest Crop Loan Scheme in Assam for 1 Lakh Farmers in Assam 

In its 2017-2018 budgets, the government of Assam introduced a new crop loan program for the state's farmers. In accordance with this program, farmers may obtain an interest-free crop credit up to Rs. 1 lakh. Due to the state's low credit flow, the state government created the "Zero Interest Crop Loan Scheme" to encourage farmers to apply for loans. 

Chief Minister Samagra Gramin Unnayan yojana in Assam 

On February 5, 2017, the Assam government unveiled a brand-new program called the Chief Minister Samagra Gramin Unnayan Yojana for the development of the state's villages. Over the course of the following five years, the program will be implemented in Assam's villages in a mega mission fashion, with the grand finale occurring in 2021–2022. Through targeted interventions in direct economic activity, logistical support, including market links, and community support, the Chief Minister Samagra Gramya Unnayan Yojana will be implemented using a saturation model in each revenue village.

The main objectives of the schemes are: 
  • To generate rural income 
  • To converge departmental scheme 
  • To improve irrigational facilities 
  • To promote Skill development 
  • To promote village based eco and rural tourism 
  • To provide special emphasize on sericulture, bamboo cane products, high-yield variety of seeds, spices, vegetables and organic farming.
Each village under this scheme would get its own village knowledge centre and a playground. The scheme would spend about Rs. 1.20 crore on each village for its holistic development.

Atal Amrit Abhiyan- Health Insurance Scheme in Assam

On December 25, 2016, the state of Assam introduced the Atal Amrit Abhiyan, a new health insurance program. Each household member will receive insurance under this program for up to Rs. 2 lakh annually. This program would pay for the treatment of burn injuries, kidney problems, brain and heart conditions, and cancer. Each beneficiary would receive a health card and a special identification number under this plan from the government. In order to receive the benefits of this scheme, a smart card must be purchased for Rs. 100. However, BPL families will not have to pay for the program. Each member of the household will receive their own card. The smart card would also cost Rs. 100 per year to renew. All members of qualifying families with yearly incomes below 5 lakh, whether they are BPL or APL, would be covered by the new scheme.

Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana in Orissa 

As a rural housing program to provide pucca dwellings in rural regions, the government of Orissa started the Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana. The underlying premise of the plan is that housing is a basic human necessity and is a prerequisite for both human existence and a respectable living. The plan's goal is to employ a mission mode approach to convert all kutcha dwellings in rural parts of the state to pucca houses in a set amount of time. The program's primary strategies are listed below.
  • Designed to provide new permanent homes to deserving & genuinely poor rural households living in kutcha houses. 
  • Selection of beneficiaries to be made on the basis of number of kutcha homes in SECC 2011 survey, updated time to time. 
  • Sanction of housing unit under the scheme in the name of women head of the household is preferred. 
  • No contractor shall be involved in the construction of homes under the Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana. 
  • Funds will directly be transferred to the beneficiary account through Direct Account Transfer/NEFT/RTGS/electronic fund management system. 
In addition to that, the government of Orissa has launched a Toll free help line number (1800-345- 6768) for the beneficiaries of Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana. This was launched to redress the grievances of beneficiaries towards the officials.

Community Health Care Management Initiative in West Bengal

The Community Health Care Management Initiative (CHCMI), launched in 2004 by the West Bengal government's Panchayat and Rural Development Department with significant funding from UNICEF and the Department of Health and Family Welfare, aims to encourage community involvement in health management by raising awareness and encouraging rural populations to build their capacity in order to ensure the efficient provision of health services. Put community health in community's hands is the program's key philosophy. The three pillars of the health care management system are promotional, preventive, and curative actions.

The objectives of the programme are:
  • To develop the sense of responsibility among all concerned government functionaries, Panchayats, Self-Help Group and other functionaries of related department in order to work as a change agent to attain the motto of community’s health in community’s hand. 
  •  To institutionalize the system of public health monitoring by PRI 
  • To generate awareness among the community on the issues of public health with special reference to disease control, prevalence, morbidity, mortality pattern, status of health, hygiene and sanitation, care of adolescent, pregnant and lactating mother, immunization etc. 
  • To build capacity of the communities to plan, implement and manage their own health intervention 
  • To accelerate outreach activities in un served as well as underserved areas through regular monitoring which will ultimately improve accessibility of health services. 
  • To improve coordination among the various stakeholders and service providers of health services.

Shishu Shiksha Karmasuchi in West Bengal

To attain the universalization of primary education, West Bengal's Panchayat and Rural Development Department has embraced the Shishu Shiksha Karmasuchi initiative. The goal of this program is to establish Shishu Suruksha Kendras in areas where at least twenty kids lack access to a formal education. The State government is providing funding for this program, and Panchayats only serve as facilitators. It is a program driven by demand. The program was revamped in 1999 and is now known as PaschimBanga Rajya Shishu Skisha Mission. The Sahayikas have been chosen by the Kendra's managing committee to oversee its operations.

Madhubabu Aain Sahayata Yojana in Orissa 

On December 24, 2016, the Orissan government introduced the Madhubabu Aain Sahayata Yojana, which offers the needy in rural areas free legal aid. Every panchayat in the state that the program is intended for is meant to serve the rural poor. The main goal of the program is to educate the rural population about their legal rights and the tools and methods for defending them, which will ultimately assure justice in society. Every Panchayat office will have a Madhubabu Aiin Sahayata Kendra installed as part of this program. Every Saturday and Sunday, or at most four days a month, the government would hold Sahayata Sibir to resolve the legal conflicts of the weaker members of society, such as women, the underprivileged, and elderly villagers.

Kalingha Shiksha Sathi Yojana in Orissa 

The Kalingha Shiksha Sathi Yojana is a government-sponsored educational program in Orissa. This program offers low-interest educational loans to deserving students who are in need of them so they can pursue higher education. Candidates who qualify for the loan must have an annual household income of less than Rs. 6 lakh. 500 crores have been allocated by the state government to carry out this program.
In Chattisgarh, suchita Scheme
The Suchita Yojana was introduced in 2017 by the Chattisgarh government with the goal of promoting cleanliness among females. According to this plan, every government school would have an automated sanitary napkin dispensing machine installed inside the ladies' restroom. Additionally, the government will establish environmentally friendly incinerators in all public schools for the secure disposal of old napkins. The State government sponsors the program entirely. Under this program, the government will first give 72,000 napkins to female students for free before charging them Rs. 2 per napkin in the future. The major goal of this program is to promote menstrual hygiene and personal hygiene among female students.

Rajya Samajik Suraksha Pension Yojana in Bihar 

The Rajya Samajik Suraksha Pension Yojana has been introduced by the state government of Bihar for elderly persons between the ages of 60 and 65, widows, the disabled, and the helpless. Those who fall under the BPL category (below the poverty line) would benefit from this program. This program was created to give poor persons between the ages of 60 and 65 a pension of Rs. 200. In accordance with this program, monthly payments of Rs. 100 would be made to widows, disabled, helpless, and bonded laborers over the age of 60 whose yearly income from all sources is less than Rs. 5,500 in urban areas and Rs. 5,000 in rural regions.

Udyami Sakhi Mandal Yojana in Jharkhand 

For rural women in the state of Jharkhand, the government has announced the commencement of a new program called Udyami Sakhi Mandal Yojana on 2017. This program's primary goal is to empower rural women by giving them the money they need to launch their own small businesses. A group of 15 women can launch their own businesses under this program, increasing their annual income and enabling them to become economically independent

Sardar Patel Awash Yojana in Gujarat 

A group of 15 women can launch their own businesses under this program, increasing their annual income and enabling them to become economically independent.
The Sardar Patel Awash Yojana was established in Gujarat by the Department of Panchayati Raj and Rural Development in order to give housing assistance to agricultural laborers and rural artisans who reside in rural parts of the state and are below the poverty line. Since 1972, Gujarat's rural districts have offered free plots for the construction of homes for landless agricultural laborers and village artisans who fall below the poverty line (BPL). Since 1976, a component of this plan has allowed for the erection of homes on such allocated land. The Sardar Patel Yojana, with its catchphrase "Free land with Free houses," however, has been in operation since 1977. Additionally, under the revised rules for this program, participants are no longer permitted to build their own homes; instead, since 2000, the government has built homes for them. Since 2001, the cost of a single housing unit has also increased, reaching Rs. 43,000. The government would provide financial help up to Rs. 36,000, with the remaining Rs. 7,000 requiring beneficiaries to provide labor.

Panchavati Yojana in Gujarat 

By encouraging the community to plant more trees as a part of shared heritage in the residential areas of the villages, the Panchavati Yojan was introduced by the Panchayat, Housing, and Rural Development Department of Gujarat government in 2017. Its goal is to develop and reestablish the underdeveloped areas of the village. The trees may be planted in the village's Scholl or in an open area with a surface area of at least 2000 square metres. Any villager who owns open land may participate in this program by contributing a public fund in the amount of Rs. 50,000. To take use of this scheme's benefits, representatives of such a village can get in touch with the Taluka development officer.

Tirth Gram Yojana in Gujarat

The Tirth Gram Yojana was introduced in 2004 by the Panchayat, Housing, and Rural Development Department of the Gujarati government with the goal of fostering unity and the overall development of the village while also fostering greater brotherhood and goodwill among those residing in the state's rural communities. The key values of this system are four. These include social harmony, brotherhood, tranquility, and the general improvement of rural communities. There are various requirements for the selection of villages under this system. Below are a few of these crucial standards:
  • Villages with no crime for preceding five years get selected 
  • There should be no controversy regarding the religious site of the village 
  • Communal harmony should be high in the villages to get selected 
  • There should be proper level of sanitation and hygiene maintained in the villages.
The district collector carries out this strategy at the local level. In order to participate in this program, applicant villages must properly complete out the appropriate paperwork and submit it to the relevant Taluka Development Officer. The concerned Taluka Development Officer first reviews the applications before presenting the approved ones to the district level committee for action.

Swatchcha Gram Swastha Gram Yojana in Gujarat

To maintain cleanliness in the villages, the Gujarat government introduced the Swatchcha Gram Swastha Gram Yojana in 2007–08. The state government has chosen to recognize the 2007–2008 calendar year as "Nirmal Gujarat." According to this plan, the Gram Panchayat must take the initiative to spray medicine in unclean areas. All panchayat areas, schools, primary health centers, anganwadi centers, etc. should have toilet construction. Every village should organize a Total Sanitation Campaign under this plan. Funds of Rs. 12888.81 lakh have been allotted for the scheme from 2007 to 2015.

Rural Building Maintenance and Renovation Scheme in Tamilnadu

The Tamilnadu government launched the Rural Building Maintenance and Renovation Scheme under the Rural Development and Panchayati Raj department with the intention of preserving and maintaining rural local resources such as Anganwadi centers, Panchayat Office Buildings, Overhead Tanks, integrated sanitary complexes for women, etc. With a budget of Rs. 170 crore, this program renovated 12,796 integrated sanitary complexes for women throughout the 2011–12 academic year.

Self Sufficiency Scheme in Tamilnadu

The Self Sufficiency Scheme was introduced by the Tamil Nadu government in 2011 under the department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj with the goal of increasing community involvement in government initiatives. In accordance with this plan, the community itself must produce the need for taking on a job. The public must submit a work application form to the district collector along with a letter of agreement committing them to spending at least one third of the projected cost. Only after assessing the need for and viability of the proposed work will estimates be created. For specific initiatives to be carried out throughout the state under this program, the Commissioner of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj will receive the majority of funding from public and private companies.

Annapurna Bhandar Yojana in Rajasthan

In partnership with the Rajasthan State Food and Civil Supplies Corporation, the Rajasthan Government introduced the Annapurna Bhandar Yojana. It is a public-private partnership program for offering multiple brands of daily consumption goods at shops with reasonable prices. Under this plan, Annapurna Bhandar Stores serve as malls for Rajasthani villages.
Key features of this Programme are:
  • It is a Public- Private Partnership scheme for providing high quality branded of daily consumption at fair price shop. 
  • This Scheme would modernise the public distribution system by providing better quality multi grains good at low prices to the general public through fair price shops. 
  • Dealers in villages can earn more profits by selling different products under this scheme.

Mukhya Mantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan in Rajasthan

In order to ensure the efficient implementation of water harvesting and water conservation related activities in rural regions using a comprehensive approach, the Rajasthan Government has created the Mukhya Mantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan. In 35 districts and 295 blocks, this Abhiyan has begun.
The main objectives of the Abhiyan are mentioned below
  • To create a self- water reliant villages 
  • To Increase availability of safe drinking water facility. 
  • To Increase crop production by improving of proper irrigation facilities. 
  • To increase in ground water level and to reduce in depletion 
  • To bring Changes in the cropping pattern

Summary

The aforementioned discussions have revealed that several state governments have created some special programs for the holistic development of rural communities, with a particular focus on agriculture, rural housing, health & hygiene, employment opportunities, education, etc. However, despite all of these efforts, these rural development programs have been unable to produce the desired results in almost every state due to inadequate beneficiary information, a lack of coordination among government agencies, and poor program design, where the felt needs of the beneficiaries are frequently disregarded.

Reference

  • Essential readings: 
    • https://www.sarkariyojna.co.in/assam/ 
    • https://www.sarkariyojna.co.in/atal-amrit-abhiyan-health-insurance-scheme-assam/ 
    • https://www.sarkariyojna.co.in/chief-minister-samagra-gramya-unnayan-yojanacmsguy/ 
    •  https://www.sarkariyojna.co.in/zero-interest-crop-loan-scheme-assam-farmers/ 
    •  http://sanitation.kerala.gov.in/ 
    •  http://sanitation.kerala.gov.in/index.php/suchitwa-mission 
    •  http://www.archive.india.gov.in/sectors/rural/index.php?id=7 
    •  http://projects.worldbank.org/P090764/bihar-rural-livelihoods-projectjeevika?lang=en
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