Determinants of Normal and Abnormal Behavior

Normal and abnormal behavior are two distinct concepts used in psychology to describe human behavior. Normal behavior refers to actions or conduct that align with socially acceptable norms and expectations, while abnormal behavior refers to actions or conduct that deviates from these norms and expectations. Understanding the determinants of normal and abnormal behavior is crucial in helping individuals, therapists, and mental health professionals understand and treat various psychological conditions.

Determinants of Normal Behavior:

1. Social norms and culture: Social norms and cultural expectations play a significant role in determining what is considered normal behavior. These norms and expectations vary from culture to culture, and they are shaped by factors such as religion, ethnicity, and historical context.

For example, in some cultures, it is normal to eat with your hands, while in others, it is considered rude and uncivilized.

2. Personality traits: Personality traits can also influence normal behavior. Traits such as extroversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness are associated with behaviours that are considered normal and acceptable.

For example, a person who is high in agreeableness is more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors such as volunteering and helping others.

3. Biological factors: Biological factors such as genetics and brain chemistry can also influence normal behavior. For example, people with certain genetic predispositions may be more likely to exhibit certain behaviors, such as risk-taking or impulsivity.

Determinants of Abnormal Behavior:

1. Mental illness: mental illness is one of the most significant determinants of abnormal behavior. Disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety can cause individuals to exhibit behaviors that deviate from normal social norms and expectations.

For example, a person with depression may exhibit withdrawal and lethargy, while a person with schizophrenia may experience delusions and hallucinations.

2. Trauma and life experiences: Trauma and adverse life experiences can also lead to abnormal behavior. People who have experienced abuse, neglect, or other traumatic events may exhibit behavior that deviates from normal social norms and expectations.

For example, a person who has experienced sexual abuse may exhibit sexualized behavior or engage in self-harm as a coping mechanism.

3. Substance abuse: Substance abuse can also lead to abnormal behavior. The use of drugs or alcohol can alter brain chemistry, leading to behavior that deviates from normal social norms and expectations.

For example, a person who is under the influence of alcohol may exhibit aggressive or impulsive behavior.

In conclusion, understanding the determinants of normal and abnormal behavior is crucial in helping individuals, therapists, and mental health professionals understand and treat various psychological conditions. By identifying the factors that influence behavior, individuals can work towards developing healthy coping mechanisms and maintaining positive mental health.