25 MCQ on Biological Aspects of Human Growth and Development

 1. Question: Human growth hormone (HGH) is primarily produced in which gland of the body?

a. Pituitary gland b. Thyroid gland c. Adrenal gland d. Pancreas Answer: a. Pituitary gland

2. Question: During puberty, the surge in sex hormone production is primarily controlled by which gland? a. Pituitary gland b. Thyroid gland c. Gonads (testes in males, ovaries in females) d. Adrenal gland Answer: c. Gonads (testes in males, ovaries in females)

3. Question: The process of forming new nerve cells in the brain is known as: a. Neurogenesis b. Synaptogenesis c. Apoptosis d. Differentiation Answer: a. Neurogenesis

4. Question: Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding? a. Oxytocin b. Prolactin c. Estrogen d. Progesterone Answer: a. Oxytocin

5. Question: In terms of genetics, how many chromosomes does a human cell typically have? a. 23 chromosomes b. 46 chromosomes c. 32 chromosomes d. 52 chromosomes Answer: b. 46 chromosomes

6. Question: The first stage of prenatal development is known as the: a. Germinal stage b. Embryonic stage c. Fetal stage d. Neonatal stage Answer: a. Germinal stage

7. Question: Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic that differentiates males and females? a. Breast development b. Facial hair growth c. Voice deepening d. Hip widening Answer: c. Voice deepening

8. Question: The neurotransmitter associated with pleasure, reward, and addiction is: a. Serotonin b. Dopamine c. Acetylcholine d. GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) Answer: b. Dopamine

9. Question: During aging, there is a decline in bone density, leading to fragile bones. This condition is known as: a. Osteoarthritis b. Osteoporosis c. Arthritis d. Rickets Answer: b. Osteoporosis

10. Question: The male sex hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics is: a. Estrogen b. Progesterone c. Testosterone d. Prolactin Answer: c. Testosterone

11. Question: The part of the brain that plays a crucial role in regulating vital functions such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion is the: a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum c. Brainstem d. Hypothalamus Answer: c. Brainstem

12. Question: The gland that plays a key role in regulating metabolism through hormone secretion is the: a. Pituitary gland b. Thyroid gland c. Adrenal gland d. Pancreas Answer: b. Thyroid gland

13. Question: The phase of the menstrual cycle when the uterine lining is shed is called: a. Ovulation b. Menstruation c. Proliferative phase d. Luteal phase Answer: b. Menstruation

14. Question: The structure that connects the fetus to the placenta and facilitates nutrient and waste exchange is the: a. Umbilical cord b. Amniotic sac c. Placental membrane d. Chorionic villi Answer: a. Umbilical cord

15. Question: The process of sperm and egg cell uniting to form a zygote is known as: a. Fertilization b. Implantation c. Ovulation d. Menstruation Answer: a. Fertilization

16. Question: The area of the brain responsible for regulating basic bodily functions like breathing and heart rate is the: a. Hypothalamus b. Medulla oblongata c. Cerebellum d. Thalamus Answer: b. Medulla oblongata

17. Question: Growth of skeletal muscles, bone density, and physical maturation are significantly influenced by: a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Oxytocin Answer: a. Testosterone

18. Question: The human life cycle typically begins at: a. Conception b. Birth c. First heartbeat d. Fertilization Answer: a. Conception

19. Question: The hormone responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics is: a. Testosterone b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. Prolactin Answer: b. Estrogen

20. Question: The female reproductive organ where fertilization usually occurs is the: a. Ovary b. Fallopian tube c. Uterus d. Cervix Answer: b. Fallopian tube

21. Question: Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels in the body? a. Insulin b. Glucagon c. Thyroxine d. Melatonin Answer: a. Insulin

22. Question: The phase of prenatal development when major organs and structures are formed is called the: a. Germinal stage b. Embryonic stage c. Fetal stage d. Neonatal stage Answer: b. Embryonic stage

23. Question: The part of the brain associated with emotional regulation, decision-making, and impulse control is the: a. Amygdala b. Prefrontal cortex c. Hippocampus d. Basal ganglia Answer: b. Prefrontal cortex

24. Question: The hormone that triggers milk production in the mammary glands after childbirth is: a. Prolactin b. Oxytocin c. Estrogen d. Progesterone Answer: a. Prolactin

25. Question: The period of human life from conception to birth is known as the: a. Gestational period b. Prenatal period c. Neonatal period d. Postnatal period Answer: b. Prenatal period