Question 1: What is the primary goal of descriptive statistics? a) To make predictions about the future based on past data b) To summarize and describe the main features of a dataset c) To infer conclusions about a population based on a sample d) To test hypotheses and relationships between variables

Answer: b) To summarize and describe the main features of a dataset

Question 2: Which of the following is a measure of central tendency? a) Standard deviation b) Variance c) Median d) Range

Answer: c) Median

Question 3: Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme outliers? a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range

Answer: a) Mean

Question 4: What does the standard deviation measure in a dataset? a) The spread or dispersion of data points around the mean b) The central value of the dataset c) The total range of the dataset d) The frequency of each data point in the dataset

Answer: a) The spread or dispersion of data points around the mean

Question 5: Which of the following is a measure of variability in a dataset? a) Mean b) Median c) Range d) Mode

Answer: c) Range

Question 6: What does the interquartile range (IQR) measure in a dataset? a) The spread of data points around the median b) The spread of data points around the mean c) The spread of data points around the mode d) The total range of the dataset

Answer: a) The spread of data points around the median

Question 7: Which of the following measures is the most resistant to outliers? a) Median b) Mean c) Mode d) Range

Answer: a) Median

Question 8: Which measure of central tendency is best used for categorical data? a) Mode b) Median c) Mean d) Standard deviation

Answer: a) Mode

Question 9: What is the median of the data set: 12, 15, 17, 20, 25? a) 15 b) 17 c) 20 d) 22

Answer: a) 15

Question 10: Which of the following is a measure of skewness in a dataset? a) Kurtosis b) Variance c) Median d) Range

Answer: a) Kurtosis

Question 11: If a dataset has a positively skewed distribution, which measure of central tendency is likely to be the largest? a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range

Answer: a) Mean

Question 12: Which descriptive statistic gives the highest weight to outliers? a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Variance

Answer: a) Mean

Question 13: What does the mode of a dataset represent? a) The most frequently occurring value b) The middle value c) The arithmetic average d) The spread of data points

Answer: a) The most frequently occurring value

Question 14: Which descriptive statistic gives a measure of the "peakedness" of a dataset? a) Kurtosis b) Variance c) Median d) Range

Answer: a) Kurtosis

Question 15: In a dataset, if the mean is 30, the median is 25, and the mode is 30, what can you infer about the distribution? a) The distribution is positively skewed b) The distribution is negatively skewed c) The distribution is symmetric d) The distribution cannot be determined from these statistics

Answer: a) The distribution is positively skewed

Question 16: In descriptive statistics, what does the "variance" measure? a) The spread or dispersion of data points around the mean b) The central value of the dataset c) The total range of the dataset d) The frequency of each data point in the dataset

Answer: a) The spread or dispersion of data points around the mean

Question 17: Which of the following measures is affected by outliers in a dataset? a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range

Answer: a) Mean

Question 18: What does the range of a dataset represent? a) The difference between the largest and smallest values b) The spread of data points around the mean c) The most frequently occurring value d) The middle value

Answer: a) The difference between the largest and smallest values

Question 19: In a symmetrical dataset, which measure of central tendency will be approximately equal? a) Mean and median b) Mean and mode c) Median and mode d) Mean, median, and mode

Answer: a) Mean and median

Question 20: Which measure of central tendency should be used for a dataset with outliers to get a representative value? a) Median b) Mode c) Mean d) Variance

Answer: a) Median

Question 21: What does the term "percentile" refer to in descriptive statistics? a) A measure indicating the relative standing of a data point in a dataset b) The mean of a dataset c) The spread of data points in a dataset d) The most frequently occurring value in a dataset

Answer: a) A measure indicating the relative standing of a data point in a dataset

Question 22: Which measure of central tendency is not influenced by extreme values or outliers? a) Median b) Mode c) Mean d) Variance

Answer: a) Median

Question 23: In a perfectly symmetrical dataset, which measure of central tendency will be at the center? a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Variance

Answer: a) Mean

Question 24: Which measure of variability is often used to describe the spread of data in a bell-shaped, normal distribution? a) Standard deviation b) Range c) IQR (Interquartile Range) d) Variance

Answer: a) Standard deviation

Question 25: In a dataset, if the mean is greater than the median, what can you infer about the data distribution? a) The distribution is positively skewed b) The distribution is negatively skewed c) The distribution is symmetric d) The distribution cannot be determined from these statistics

Answer: a) The distribution is positively skewed