1. Question: Which of the following is a primary goal of supportive techniques in counseling? a) Identifying irrational thoughts b) Encouraging self-exploration and expression of feelings c) Modifying maladaptive behaviors d) Analyzing past experiences Answer: b) Encouraging self-exploration and expression of feelings

2. Question: A counselor providing validation and empathetic understanding to a client is using which type of technique? a) Reflective listening b) Paraphrasing c) Mirroring d) Gestalt technique Answer: a) Reflective listening

3. Question: Which supportive technique involves restating the content and emotion of what the client has communicated? a) Reflection b) Encouragement c) Clarification d) Reframing Answer: a) Reflection

4. Question: The "Socratic questioning" technique is commonly associated with which counseling approach? a) Psychodynamic counseling b) Person-centered counseling c) Cognitive-behavioral counseling d) Gestalt counseling Answer: c) Cognitive-behavioral counseling

5. Question: In behavioral techniques, what does "shaping" involve? a) Encouraging the client to express emotions freely b) Reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior c) Analyzing the client's family dynamics d) Assessing unconscious desires Answer: b) Reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior

6. Question: What is a key principle of "positive reinforcement" in behavioral techniques? a) Increasing a behavior by presenting an unpleasant stimulus b) Decreasing a behavior by presenting a pleasant stimulus c) Increasing a behavior by removing a pleasant stimulus d) Increasing a behavior by presenting a pleasant stimulus Answer: d) Increasing a behavior by presenting a pleasant stimulus

7. Question: Which behavioral technique involves pairing an aversive stimulus with an undesirable behavior to reduce that behavior? a) Positive reinforcement b) Negative reinforcement c) Punishment d) Extinction Answer: c) Punishment

8. Question: "Token economy" is an example of which behavioral technique? a) Extinction b) Modeling c) Operant conditioning d) Classical conditioning Answer: c) Operant conditioning

9. Question: Which supportive technique involves helping the client see the same situation from a different perspective? a) Reframing b) Reflection c) Clarification d) Paraphrasing Answer: a) Reframing

10. Question: Which behavioral technique involves gradually exposing the client to the feared object or situation in a controlled environment? a) Flooding b) Desensitization c) Reinforcement d) Extinction Answer: b) Desensitization

11. Question: In behavioral techniques, what does "modeling" involve? a) Reinforcing a desired behavior b) Learning by observing and imitating others c) Exposing the client to the feared stimulus d) Introducing a punishment for an undesirable behavior Answer: b) Learning by observing and imitating others

12. Question: Which supportive technique involves helping the client explore and clarify their thoughts and feelings? a) Clarification b) Reflection c) Reframing d) Paraphrasing Answer: a) Clarification

13. Question: What is the primary goal of "cognitive restructuring" in behavioral techniques? a) Identifying and modifying negative thought patterns b) Reinforcing positive behaviors c) Encouraging emotional expression d) Exploring unconscious conflicts Answer: a) Identifying and modifying negative thought patterns

14. Question: Which supportive technique involves summarizing the main points of what the client has communicated during a counseling session? a) Paraphrasing b) Reflection c) Clarification d) Mirroring Answer: a) Paraphrasing

15. Question: Which behavioral technique involves the systematic presentation of feared stimuli in a gradual and hierarchical manner? a) Systematic desensitization b) Aversion therapy c) Positive reinforcement d) Response prevention Answer: a) Systematic desensitization

16. Question: In behavioral techniques, what does "systematic desensitization" aim to achieve? a) Reinforcing a specific behavior b) Reducing anxiety and fear responses through gradual exposure c) Identifying irrational thoughts d) Encouraging emotional expression Answer: b) Reducing anxiety and fear responses through gradual exposure

17. Question: Which supportive technique involves providing encouragement and positive feedback to the client? a) Paraphrasing b) Encouragement c) Reflection d) Clarification Answer: b) Encouragement

18. Question: "Behavioral rehearsal" is a technique primarily associated with which counseling approach? a) Psychodynamic counseling b) Humanistic counseling c) Behavioral counseling d) Person-centered counseling Answer: c) Behavioral counseling

19. Question: What is the primary objective of "aversive therapy" in behavioral techniques? a) Reinforcing undesirable behaviors b) Encouraging self-expression and exploration c) Associating an unpleasant stimulus with an undesirable behavior to decrease its occurrence d) Analyzing unconscious conflicts Answer: c) Associating an unpleasant stimulus with an undesirable behavior to decrease its occurrence

20. Question: Which supportive technique involves rewording the client's statements to ensure understanding and clarity? a) Paraphrasing b) Reflection c) Clarification d) Mirroring Answer: c) Clarification