1. What does HIV stand for? a) Human Immunodeficiency Virus b) Human Infection Virus c) Highly Inhibited Virus d) Human Infectious Vector Correct Answer: a) Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2. HIV primarily attacks which cells in the human body? a) T-cells (CD4 cells) b) Red blood cells c) Platelets d) White blood cells Correct Answer: a) T-cells (CD4 cells)

3. In which bodily fluids is HIV most commonly found? a) Saliva and tears b) Blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk c) Urine and sweat d) Nasal secretions and earwax Correct Answer: b) Blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk

4. How is HIV primarily transmitted from one person to another? a) Casual contact like shaking hands b) Sharing food or utensils c) Unprotected sexual intercourse d) Breathing the same air Correct Answer: c) Unprotected sexual intercourse

5. What is the most common route of HIV transmission globally? a) Blood transfusions b) Sharing needles for drug use c) Mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding d) Occupational exposure Correct Answer: b) Sharing needles for drug use

6. Which region has the highest number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world? a) Sub-Saharan Africa b) Europe c) North America d) Southeast Asia Correct Answer: a) Sub-Saharan Africa

7. Approximately how many people were living with HIV worldwide at the end of 2020? a) 10 million b) 25 million c) 38 million d) 50 million Correct Answer: c) 38 million

8. In which year was the first AIDS case reported? a) 1975 b) 1981 c) 1985 d) 1990 Correct Answer: b) 1981

9. What is the most common way HIV is transmitted among children under 15 in high-prevalence countries? a) Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth b) Sharing contaminated needles c) Sexual transmission d) Through respiratory droplets Correct Answer: a) Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth

10. Which group is considered to be at the highest risk of HIV infection globally? a) Adolescents and young adults b) Elderly population c) Healthcare workers d) Farmers Correct Answer: a) Adolescents and young adults

11. Which UN agency leads the global efforts in responding to the HIV/AIDS epidemic? a) WHO - World Health Organization b) UNICEF - United Nations Children's Fund c) UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS d) UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Correct Answer: c) UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

12. Which antiretroviral drug class is used to prevent HIV infection in individuals at high risk? a) Protease inhibitors b) Integrase inhibitors c) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) d) Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) Correct Answer: d) Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

13. Which of the following is NOT a common opportunistic infection associated with HIV/AIDS? a) Tuberculosis (TB) b) Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) c) Hepatitis C d) Candidiasis Correct Answer: c) Hepatitis C

14. What is the most effective way to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV during childbirth? a) Exclusive breastfeeding b) Caesarean section (C-section) c) Administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy and childbirth d) Avoiding prenatal care Correct Answer: c) Administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy and childbirth

15. Which international day is dedicated to raising awareness about HIV/AIDS each year? a) World AIDS Day (WAD) - December 1 b) International AIDS Day (IAD) - December 2 c) Global HIV Awareness Day (GHAD) - November 30 d) HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (HAAD) - December 3 Correct Answer: a) World AIDS Day (WAD) - December 1

16. In 2020, what percentage of people living with HIV globally were aware of their status? a) 62% b) 79% c) 87% d) 95% Correct Answer: b) 79%

17. What is the term for the advanced stage of HIV infection, defined by a very low CD4 cell count and the presence of opportunistic infections or cancers? a) Primary HIV infection b) AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) c) HIV Progression Syndrome d) CD4 Decline Stage Correct Answer: b) AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

18. Which country has the highest number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world? a) India b) South Africa c) Nigeria d) Brazil Correct Answer: b) South Africa

19. What is the term for the process by which the HIV virus attacks and destroys the immune system's CD4 cells? a) CD4 Infiltration b) CD4 Evasion c) CD4 Cell Murder d) CD4 Cell Destruction Correct Answer: d) CD4 Cell Destruction

20. What is the term for the first stage of HIV infection, occurring within a few weeks after exposure, when the immune system starts to respond to the virus? a) Primary HIV infection b) Acute HIV infection c) Chronic HIV infection d) Latent HIV infection Correct Answer: b) Acute HIV infection

21. Which age group accounts for the highest number of new HIV infections globally? a) 15-24 years b) 25-34 years c) 35-44 years d) 45-54 years Correct Answer: a) 15-24 years

22. What is the most common mode of HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM)? a) Sharing needles for drug use b) Unprotected anal intercourse c) Blood transfusions d) Sharing razors or toothbrushes Correct Answer: b) Unprotected anal intercourse

23. In which region has the HIV epidemic stabilized in recent years? a) Sub-Saharan Africa b) North America c) Western Europe d) South Asia Correct Answer: c) Western Europe

24. Which of the following is a key strategy for preventing HIV transmission? a) Male circumcision b) Bloodletting c) Sharing needles d) Ignoring symptoms Correct Answer: a) Male circumcision

25. What is the term for the process of an HIV-infected person taking antiretroviral medications as prescribed, achieving an undetectable viral load, and being unable to transmit the virus to others through sex? a) PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) b) U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable) c) PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) d) HIV Suppression Correct Answer: b) U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable)